Curriculum Vita For Daniel L. Akins

(click here for a brief bio)

Education:

        Howard University, B.S., with Honors.  Undergraduate research with Professor Kelso B. Morris.

        University of California at Berkeley, Ph.D. (June 1968).  Research with Professor C. Bradley Moore.

        Post-Doctoral Research Associate, Institute of Molecular Biophysics (June 1968-Sept. 1969), The Florida State University.  Research with Professor Michael Kasha.

Professional Experience:

        Doctoral Faculty of the Graduate School and University Center's Ph.D. Program in Chemical Engineering, The City University of New York, March 2001 - present

        Distinguished Service Professor of Chemistry, The City College of The City University of New York, April 1, 1996 - present

        Director, CUNY–Center for Analysis of Structures and Interfaces (CASI), The City College, Chemistry Department, September 1988 - present

        Professor of Physical Chemistry, The City College of The City University of New York, September 1981 - present

        Senior Scientist, Polaroid Corporation (Research Division), July 1979 - September 1981

        Program Director for Chemical Dynamics, National Science Foundation, July 1977 - July 1979

        Guest Scientist, Laser Chemistry Section (Laboratory of John C. Stephenson), National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Md., July 1977 - July 1979

        Associate Professor, The University of South Florida, September 1975 - June 1977

        Assistant Professor, The University of South Florida, September 1970 - September 1975

        Visiting Assistant Professor, The Florida State University, June 1969 - September 1970

Honors:

        2000 Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring (PAESMEM); NSF administered award for the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), Fifth Symposium held in Washington, D.C., Sept. 7-8, 2000.

        1999 Faculty Service Award, at the 147th Annual Meeting of The Alumni Association of the City College of New York

        Distinguished Lecturer, Sigma Xi Lecturers, 1997-1998

        Biography in Math: A Rich Heritage, Globe Fearon Educational Publisher, Simon & Schuster Education Group, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 1995.

        Distinguished Lecturer, Sigma Xi Lecturers, 1996-1997.

        Bausch and Lomb Science Award, 1959.

        Howard University Competitive Scholarship.

        Howard University Sophomore Chemistry Award.

        American Institute of Chemists Award, 1963.

        Phi Beta Kappa, 1963.

        Sigma Pi Sigma Physics Society, 1962.

        Society of Sigma Xi, 1963.

Recent Local/National/International Committees and Boards:

Invited by The National Academies (Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences) NRC Committee to Review 2008 Engineering Research and Commericialization Proposal of the Ohio Third Frontier Program,. The NAS Building, Washington, DC, April 23-24, 2008.

Invited NSF Workshop Participant.  "Building Electronic Function into Nanoscale Molecular Architectures," June 7-8, 2007, Marymount Univ. Conference Center.

Invited Member of the Science Foundation of Arizona's (SFAz's) Proposal Review Committee.  May 9 – May 12, 2007, Phoenix, Arizona.

Invited Member of The Council for Chemical Research (27th Annual Meeting: "Shaping the Future of Chemical Sciences & Engineering").  April 30 – May 3, 2006, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort, Tucson, Arizona.

The National Academy of Sciences, member of the Committee to Review Physical Sciences Proposals to the 2005 Wright Centers of Innovation Competition of the State of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio.  Meeting Location: 31st Floor, Riffe Center; Meeting Date: February 9 and 10, 2005.

Invited Member of the Pre-Conference on Designing Nanostructures.  Convened Under the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative (NAKFI) on Designing Nanostructures–September 18-19, 2004.

NSF-Partnership for Innovation (PFI).  Panel-4 member: Research, Tech Transfer, Commercialization, Arlington, VA, May 15-16, 2003.

NSF-IGERT Project Directors' Meeting, 2003.

DOE Nanoscale Science Research Centers Workshop, Washington, D.C., February 26-28, 2003.  "Building for the Nanoscale Revolution."

NSF-Chemistry Site-Visit team member for Caltech's Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (LMS), October 11-13, 2001.  Team members: Daniel L. Akins, CCNY; David Chandler, Sandia National Labs; Robert F. Curl, Rice Univ.; Hai-Lung Dai, Univ. of Pennsylvania. 

NSF-Chemistry REU PI Workshop, Arlington, VA, 3/2-3/2001.  (Co-organizer and Chair of two subcommittees and developed reports dealing with "Recruiting Participant Demographics" and "Research Experience for Teachers.")

NSF-Committee of Visitors for the Chemistry Division, Arlington, VA, 2/12-14/2001.  (Chaired committee and developed COV report for Foundation efforts dealing with Large Groups projects, Chemical Instrumentation Program, and Educational Projects in Chemistry).

NSF-Presentor at 2001 Principal Investors' Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training (IGERT) meeting, Arlington, VA, 2/8-9/2001.

National Science Foundation's workshop, Partnerships: Building a New Foundation for Innovation, held 6/18-19/2001, in Arlington, Virginia.

NSF-MRSEC Panel-A panelist for FY 2000 finalist in competition.  Arlington, VA, 5/9-11, 2000.

NSF-Innovation Workshop: A working group on Partnerships for Innovation,  Arlington, VA, 3/9-10/2000.

NSF-New Funding Opportunities: A workshop for Physical Chemists.  Co-chair of subpanel dealing with "Educating Tomorrow's Chemist and non-Chemist."  Keystone, CO, 9/18-20, 1998.

NSF-European Commission Workshop in Leuven Belgium: Participated in the development of a cooperative research program involving US & European scientists & engineers that aims at expanding materials limits with the purpose of contributing to the development of future technologies, 12/10/96-12/15/96.

National Institutes of Health MARC Review Committee, 1993-1996

Research Interests:

Quantum properties of molecular nanostructures and the exploitation of such properties for formulating new nanomaterials with uses in molecular photonic devices (MPDs) and/or chemical sensors. Small groupings of molecules (principally, in our case, so-called molecular aggregates) serve as the active agents. For MPDs the same types of photonic/optoelectronic applications as systems derived from epitaxially prepared inorganic semiconductor superlattices or conjugated organic polymers are anticipated. For chemical sensor applications, the aim is to form robust and highly manipulable new nanomaterials with unique spectral properties for analyses purposes.

Research conducted, more generally, involves: (1) syntheses of semiconductor and magnetic oxide nanoparticles and nanorods within mesoporous aluminosilicates and silicates; (2) fabrication of carbon nanotubes within various matrices; (3) spectroscopic and dynamical investigations of spontaneous and nonlinear laser Raman scattering by monomeric and aggregated molecules on metallic, semiconductor, vesicles surfaces and encapsulated within mesoporous materials; (4) excited state dynamics and determination of photophysical parameters for cyanine dyes and donor-acceptor systems that involve electron-transfer reactions; (5) Raman investigations of porphyrins in solution or adsorbed onto surfaces; (6) spectroscopic studies of biological tissues and herbs; and (7) quantum chemical calculations of porphyrins and dye molecules.

Publications:

(100) "Photophysical Characterization of a colvalently Linked Phenanthridine-Ruthenium(III) Complex Fluorescent RNA Probe," N. O'Connor, N. Stevens, D. Samaroo, M. Solomon, A. A. Marti, J. Dyer, H. Vishwasrao, D. L. Akins, E. R. Kandel and N. J. Turro, J. of the Royal Society of Chem., submitted October 2008.

(99)   "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Single–walled Carbon Nanotube–Gold Nanoparticle Composites," Huijun Jiang, Yu Zhao, HuiYang and Daniel L. Akins.  In revision, J. Phys. Chem. C, August 2008.

(98)   "Enhanced Dehydrogenation of LiBH4 Catalyzed by Carbon-Supported Pt Nanoparticles," Juan Xu, Xuebin Yu, Zhilin Li, Daniel L. Akins and Hui Yang, Chem. Commun., 2008, doi: 10.1039/b812476k.

(97)   "A Biosensing Platform Based on Horseradish Peroxidase Immobilized onto Chitosan Wrapped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes," Huijun Jiang, Chong Du, Zhiqing Zou, Xiaowei Li, Daniel L. Akins and Hui Yang.  J. of Solid State Electrochemistry, doi: 10.1007/s10008-008-0612-5.

(96)   "Direct Electrochemistry and Electrocatalytic Activity of Microperoxidase-11 Immobilized on Chitosan Wrapped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes," Huijun Jiang, Philippe Mercier, Shiunchin C. Wang, Chong Du, Xiwei Li, Hui Yang and Daniel L. Akins.  Article in press, J. Functional Materials and Devices.

(95)   "Direct Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis of Catalase Immobilized on a SWNT Nanocomposite-Film," Huijun Jiang, HuiYang and Daniel L. Akins.  J. Electroanal. Chem, 623, 181-186 (2008), doi: 10.1016/j.

(94)   "Coumarin Dye as a Fluorescence Sensor for Methanol Vapor," N. Stevens and D. L. Akins, International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Sensors, World Scientific, 18:1, 195-203 (2008).

(93)   "Two Color RNA Intercalating Probe for Cell Imaging Applications," Nathan Stevens, Naphtali O'Connor, Harshad Vishwasrao, Diana Samaroo, Eric R. Kandel, Daniel L. Akins, Charles M. Drain, and Nicholas J. Turro, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 130(23), 7182–7183 (2008).

(92)   "AOT Dispersed Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Transistor Device Application," Shiunchin C. Wang, Hui Yang, Sarbajit Banerjee, Irving P. Herman and Daniel L. Akins, Materials Lett., 62, 843-845 (2008), doi:10.1016/j.

(91)   "Carbon-Supported Pd-Co Bimetallic Nanoparticles as Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction," Wenming Wang, Dan Zheng, Chong Du, Zhiqing Zou, Xigui Zhang, Baojia Xia, Hui Yang and Daniel L. Akins, J. Power Sources, 167, 243-249 (2007).

(90)   "Nonlinear Optical Switching Properties of Dye-Doped Inorganic/Organic Nanocomposite Films," N. Stevens and D. L. Akins, ACS Volume Based on Self-Organization of Photonic Nanomaterials, 2007.

(89)   "Design and Characterization of Two-dyes and Three-dyes Binary Probes Composites for mRNA Detection," Angel A. Martí, Xiaoxu Li, Steffen Jockusch, Nathan Stevens, Zengmin Li, Bindu Raveendra, Sergey Kalachikov, Irina Morozova, Daniel L. Akins, Jingyue Ju, Nicholas J. Turro, Tetrahedron, 63, 3591-3600 (2007).

(88)   "Dye-Doped Inorganic/Organic Composite Films as Fluorescence Sensors for Methanol Vapor," N. Stevens and D. L. Akins, Sensors & Actuators: B. Chemical, 123:1, 59-64 (2007).

(87)   "The Production of a High Loading of almost Monodispersed Pt Nanoparticles on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Methanol Oxidation," Jianyu Cao, Chong Du, Shiunchin C. Wang, Philippe Mercier, Xigui Zhang, Hui Yang and Daniel L. Akins, Electrochemistry Communications, 9, 735-740 (2007).

(86)   "AOT as Spacing Agent for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites," Shiunchin C. Wang, Hui Yang and Daniel L. Akins, Polymer Preprints, 47(2), 469-470 (2006).

(85)   "Magnesium Effects on CdSe Self-assembled Quantum Dot Formation on ZnxCdyMg1-x-ySe Layers," M. Noemi Perez-Paz, Hong Lu, Aidong Shen, F. Jean Mary, Daniel Akins, Maria C. Tamargo, Jour. of Crystal Growth, 294, 296-303 (2006).

(84)   "Combinatorial Fluorescence Energy Transfer Molecular Beacons for Probing Nucleic Acid Sequences," Xiaoxu Li, Zengmin Li, Angel A. Marti, Steffen Jockusch, Nathan Stevens, Daniel L. Akins, Nicholas J. Turro and Jingyue Ju, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 5, 896-902 (2006).

(83)   "Carbon-Supported Pt–Co Alloy Nanoparticles for Oxygen Reduction Reaction," Qinghong Huang, Hui Yang, Yawen Tang, Tianhong Lu and Daniel L. Akins, Electrochemical Comm., 8, 1220-1224 (2006).

(82)   "Platinum/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites as Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts," Daniel L. Akins and Hui Yang.  Patent Application (2005), US Patent Office.  Patent Disclosure.

(81)   "Methods and Devices for Making Carbon Nanotubes and Compositions Thereof," Daniel L. Akins and Hui Yang.  United States Patent 20060204426.

(80)   "Spectroscopic Investigation of a FRET Molecular Beacon Containing Two Fluorophores for Probing DNA/RNA Sequences," Steffen Jockusch, Angel Marti, Nicholas J. Turro, Zengmin Li, Xiaoxu Li, Jingyue Ju, Nathan Stevens and Daniel L. Akins, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 5, 493-498, (2006).

(79)   "Diameter-Selective Dispersion of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using a Water-Soluble, Biocompatible Polymer," Hui Yang, Shiunchin C. Wang, Philippe Mercier and Daniel L. Akins, Chem. Commun., 1425-1427 (2006).

(78)   "Self-Aligned Magnetic Dipole Moments of Fe2O3 Formed Within a Sol-Gel Matrix," Xiaoming Zhang, Haiquan Guo, Ning Chi, Chunchin C. Wang, Nan-Loh Yang and Daniel L. Akins, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 98, 207-211 (2006).

(77)   "High-Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes with a Variety of Morphologies," Hui Yang, Philippe Mercier, Shiunchin C. Wang, and Daniel L. Akins, Chem. Phys. Lett., 416, 18-21 (2005).

(76)   "Optical Spectra of a Novel Polyoxometalate Occluded within Modified MCM-41," Xiaoming Zhang, Cheng Zhang, Haiquan Guo, Wenlin Huang, Tatyana Polenova, Lynn C. Francesconi and Daniel L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 19156-19160 (2005).

(75)   "Magnetic Ordering of Ferric Oxide within SiO2-Based Mesoporous Materials," Haiquan Guo, Min-Hui Cui, Xiaoming Zhang, Wei Xu, Renu Sharma, Nan-Loh Yang and Daniel L. Akins, Materials Research Bulletin, 40(10), 1713-1725 (2005).

(74)   "Solubilization of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Using Aerosol OT," Shiunchin C. Wang, Hui Yang, and Daniel L. Akins, Polymer Preprints, 46(1), 226 (2005).

(73)   "High Methanol Tolerance of Carbon-Supported Pt-Cr Alloy Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction", Hui Yang, Nicolas Alonso-Vante, Claude Lamy and Daniel L. Akins, J. Electrochem. Soc., 152, A704-A709 (2005).

(72)   "Catalytic Reduction of Methyl Viologen by Sulfide Ion Within MCM-41," Yanting Liao, Ling Zang and Daniel L. Akins, Catalysis Communications, 6, 141 (2005).

(71)   "Single Layer and Stacked CdSe Self-Assembled Quantum Dots with ZnCdMgSe Barriers for Visible and White Light Emitters," M. Noemi Perez-Paz, Xuecong Zhou, Martin Muñoz, Mohammad Sohel, Hong Lu, Francisco Fernandez, Fleumingue Jean-Mary, Daniel L. Akins and Maria C. Tamargo, Jour. of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, 23, 1236-1239 (2005).

(70)   "CdSe Self-Assembled Quantum Dots with ZnCdMgSe Barriers Emitting Throughout the Visible Spectrum," M. Noemi Perez-Paz, Xuecong Zhou, Martin Munoz, Hong Lu, Mohamad Sohel, Maria C. Tamargo, Fleumingue Jean-Mary and Daniel L. Akins, Applied Physics Letters, 85:(26), 6395-6397 (2004).

(69)   "Methanol Oxidation on Carbon-Supported Pt-Os Bimetallic Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts," Junjie Huang, Hui Yang, Qinghong Huang, Yawen Tang, Tianhong Lu and Daniel L. Akins, Jour. Electrochem. Soc., 151, A1810-A1815 (2004).

(68)   "Density Functional Theory Applied to Structure and Vibrational Band Analysis of an Aggregated Thiacarbocyanine," Metin Aydin, Fleumingue Jean-Mary, Nathan Stevens and Daniel L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 9695 (2004).

(67)   "Aggregation of Thionine Dye within AlMCM-48," Wei Xu, Metin Aydin, Sheuli Zakia and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 5588 (2004).

(66)   "Reverse Micellar Synthesis of CdS Nanoparticles and Self-Assembly into a Superlattice," Wei Xu and D. L. Akins, Materials Letters, 58, 2623-2626 (2004).

(65)   "Spectroscopy and Dynamics of DCM Encapsulated in MCM-41 and Y Zeolite Mesoporous Materials," Haiquan Guo, Xiaoming Zhang, Metin Aydin, Wei Xu, Han-Ru Zhu and D. L. Akins, Jour. of Molecular Structure, 689, 153 (2004).

(64)   "Microwave Absorption by Nanostructural Ferric Oxide Encapsulated within MCM-41," Haiquan Guo, Wei Xu, Min-Hui Cui, Nan-Loh Yang and Daniel L. Akins, Chem. Commun., pp 1432-1433 (2003).

(63)   "Polyoxoanion Occluded within Modified MCM-41: Spectroscopy and Structure," Wei Xu, Qunhui Luo, Hsin Wang, Lynn C. Francesconi, Ruth E. Stark and Daniel L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 107, 497 (2003).

(62)   "Formation of CdS Nanoparticles within Modified MCM-41 and SBA-15," W. Xu, Y. Liao and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 11127 (2002).

(61)   "Density Functional Theory Used in Structure Determinations and Raman Band Assignments for Pseudoisocyanine and Its Aggregate," C. Guo, M. Aydin, Han-Ru Zhu and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 5447 (2002).

(60)   "Absorption and Exciton Emission by an Aggregated Cyanine Dye Occluded within Mesoporous SBA-15," W. Xu and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 1993 (2002).

(59)   "Triple Fluorescence Energy Transfer in Covalently Trichromophore-Labeled DNA," Anthony K. Tong, Steffen Jockusch, Zengmin Li, Han-Ru Zhu, Daniel L. Akins, Nicholas J. Turro and Jingyue Ju, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 12923-12924 (2001).

(58)   "Aggregation and Exciton Emission of a Cyanine Dye Encapsulated within Mesoporous MCM-41," W. Xu, H. Guo and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B., 105, 7686 (2001).

(57)   "Aggregation of Tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TSPP) within Modified Mesoporous MCM-41," W. Xu, H. Guo and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 1543 (2001).

(56)   "Confocal Microprobe Raman Spectroscopy for Investigating the Aggregation Process at the Liquid/Air Interface," B. Ren, Z.-Q. Tian, C. Guo and D. L. Akins, Chem. Phys. Lett., 328, 17 (2000).

(55)   "Superradiance of J-Aggregated Thiacarbocyanine Molecules," S. Özçelik and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 103, 8926 (1999).

(54)   "Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Meso-tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl)porphine at Electrode Surfaces," C. Guo, B. Ren and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 102, 8751 (1998).

(53)   "Superradiant Lasing From J-Aggregated Molecules Adsorbed Onto Colloidal Silver," Serdar Özçelik, Isin Özçelik and D. L. Akins, Appl. Phys. Lett., 73, 1949 (1998).

(52)   "Optical Dynamics of Interacting One- and Two-Excitons: Equations and Solutions," D. L. Akins, Proceeding of NOBCChE, 24, 17 (1997).

(51)   "Extremely Low Excitation Threshold, Superradiant, Molecular Aggregate Lasing System," S. Özçelik and D. L. Akins, Appl. Phys. Lett., 71, 3057 (1997).

(50)   "Aggregation-Enhanced Raman Scattering (AERS) of a Cyanine Dye in Homogeneous Solution," D. L. Akins, S. Özçelik, H. -R. Zhu and C. Guo, J. Phys. Chem. A, 101, 3251 (1997).

(49)   "Nature of Exciton-Exciton Annihilation in an Aggregated Cyanine Dye," S. Özçelik and D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 3021 (1997).

(48)   Structure and Exciton Emission Dynamics of Molecular Aggregates: Cyanines and Porphyrins, Daniel L. Akins, in "J-Aggregates," T. Kobayashi, Ed.; World Scientific: New Jersey, 1996; Chapter 3, pp. 67-94.

(47)   "Structure and Exciton Emission Dynamics of Molecular Aggregates: Cyanines and Porphyrins," Daniel L. Akins, J.-Aggregates (1996), 67-94.

(46)   "Fluorescence Decay Kinetics and Structure of Aggregated Tetrakis(p-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin," Daniel L. Akins, Serdar Özçelik, Han-Ru Zhu, Chu Guo, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 14390 (1996).

(45)   "Aggregation of Tetraaryl-Substituted Porphyrins in Homogeneous Solution," Daniel L. Akins, Han-Ru Zhu and Chu Guo, J. Phys. Chem., 100, 5420 (1996).

(44)   "Theoretical Studies on the Structural Change of the Protonation Process of Porphine," siyu Ma, Zonghe Li, Junyin He, Daniel L. Akins and Chu Guo, Beijing Shifan Daxue Xuebao, Ziran Kexueban, 32, 246 (1996).

(43)   "High-performance Liquid Chromatography of Cyanine Dyes: Multiphase Separation, Purification and Substitution of the Counter Ion," D. L. Akins and V. T. Kumar, Jour. of Chromatogr. A, 689, 269 (1995).

(42)   "Superradiance of 2,2'-Cyanine Adsorbed onto a Vesicle Surface," Daniel L. Akins and Serdar Özçelik, 2nd Annual Res. Center for Optical Physics Forum, Sept. 23-24, 1994, Hampton Univ.; NASA Conf. Pub. 3314, Oct. 1995, pp. 59-80.

(41)   "Aggregation-Enhanced Raman Scattering by a Water-Soluble Porphyrin," Daniel L. Akins, 2nd Annual Res. Center for Optical Physics Forum, Sept. 23-24, 1994, Hampton Univ.; NASA Conf. Pub. 3314, Oct. 1995, pp. 45-58.

(40)   "Photoinitiated Electron Transfer in Synthetic Model Systems," D. L. Akins and C. Guo, Adv. Mater., 6, 512 (1994).

(39)   "Enhanced Raman Scattering by Aggregated 2,2'-Cyanine Adsorbed onto Phospholipid Vesicles," D. L. Akins, S. Özçelik and J. –Q. Liu, Abstract, Pittcon 94, Chicago, Ill., 1994.

(38)   "Absorption and Raman Scattering by Meso-Tetrakis(p-Sulfonatophenyl) Porphyrin," D. L. Akins, H. –R. Zhu and C. Guo, J. Phys. Chem., 98, 3612 (1994).

(37)   "Raman Excitation Spectra of Exciton-Phonon Modes of Aggregated 2,2'-Cyanine Using an Internal Raman Standard," D. L. Akins, Y. H. Zhuang, H. –R. Zhu and J. Q. Liu, J. Phys. Chem., 98, 1068 (1993).

(36)   "NIR Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopies Diagnose Cancer!," C. –H. Liu, B. B. Das, W. L. Glassman, G. S. Tang,  H. –R. Zhu, D. L. Akins, S. S. Lubicz, J. Cleary, R. Prudente, E. Celmer, E. Caron and R. R. Alfano, Physicological Imaging, Spectroscopy, and Early-Detection Diagnostic Methods, in SPIE Proceeding, Vol. 1887, p. 188, 1993.

(35)   "Near-Infrared-Excited FT-Raman Spectroscopic Study of Covalently Linked Porphyrin-Viologen Compounds," D. L. Akins, H. –R. Zhu and C. Guo, J. Phys. Chem., 97, 8681 (1993).

(34)   "Near-Infrared-Excited FT-Raman Spectra of Covalently Linked Porphyrin-Nitrobenzene Compounds," D. L. Akins, H. –R. Zhu and C. Guo, J. Phys. Chem., 97, 3974 (1993): 97, 6760 (1993).

(33)   "Raman, Fluorescence, and Time-Resolved Light Scattering as Optical Diagnostic Techniques to Separate Diseased and Normal Biomedical Media," C. –H. Liu, B. B. Das, W. L. Sha Glassman, G. C. Tang, K. M. Yoo, H. –R. Zhu, D. L. Akins, et al., J. of Photochem. And Photobiol. B: Biol., 16, 187 (1992).

(32)   "Visible Raman and Near-IR FT-Raman Characterization of Adsorbed 4,4'-Cyanine," D. L. Akins, J. W. Macklin and H. –R. Zhu, J. Phys. Chem., 96, 4515 (1992).

(31)   "Raman Excitation Spectra of Coupled Intramolecular-Intermolecular Vibronic Modes of Aggregated 4,4'-Cyanine," D. L. Akins and H. –R. Zhu, Langmuir, 8, 546 (1992).

(30)   "Raman, Fluorescence, and Time-Resolved Light Scattering as Optical Diagnostic Techniques to Separate Diseased and Normal Biomedical Media," C. H. Liu, B. B. Das, W. L. Sha Glassman, G. C. Tang, K. M. Yoo, H. –R. Zhu, D. L. Akins, S. S. Lubicz, R. Prudente, et al., J. Photochem. Photobio. B, 16, 187 (1992).

(29)   "Near-IR Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy of Normal and Atherosclerotic Human Aorta," C. H. Liu, W. L. Sha Glassman, H. –R. Zhu, D. L. Akins, L. I. Deckelbaum, M. L. Stetz, K. O'Brien, J. Scott and R. R. Alfano, Lasers in the Life Sci., 4, 257 (1992).

(28)   Recent Advances in the Uses of Light in Physics, Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine, Daniel L. Akins and Robert R. Alfano, Eds., Proceeding: The International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE), Vol. 1599, 1991.

(27)   "Near-IR FT Raman Spectroscopy of Human Aorta," C. H. Liu, W. L. Glassman, R. R. Alfano, H. –R. Zhu, D. L. Akins, et al., Recent Advances in the Uses of Light in Physics, Chemistry, Engineering, and Medicine, in SPIE Proceeding Vol. 1599, p. 77, 1991.

(26)   "Human Breast Tissues Studied by IR Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy," R. R. Alfano, C. H. Liu, W. L. Sha, H. –R. Zhu, D. L. Akins, J. Cleary, R. Prudente and E. Cellmer, Lasers in the Life Sci., 4, 23 (1991).

(25)   "Fourier Transform Raman Spectra and the Structure of Adsorbed 2,2'-Cyanine," D. L. Akins, J. W. Macklin and H. –R. Zhu, J. Phys. Chem., 95, 793 (1991).

(24)   "Raman Excitation Spectra of Aggregate Modes of 2,2'-Cyanine," D. L. Akins,
J. W. Macklin, L. Parker and H. –R. Zhu, Chem. Phys. Lett., 169, 564 (1990).

(23)   "Surface Potential, pH, and Excitation Wavelength Effects on Raman Scattering by Cyanine Dyes," D. L. Akins, Proceedings: NOBCChE, 16, 1(1989).

(22)   "Dependence of Raman Scattering by Aggregated 2,2'-Cyanine on pH and Excitation Wavelength," D. L. Akins and J. W. Macklin, J. Phys. Chem., 93, 5999 (1989).

(21)   "Surface Potential Dependence of Enhanced Raman Bands of Aggregated Cyanine Dyes," D. L. Akins, C. Akpabli and X. Li, J. Phys. Chem., 93, 1977 (1989).

(20)   "Excitation Wavelength Dependency of Enhanced Raman Bands of Aggregated Molecules," D. L. Akins and J. R. Lombardi, Chem. Phys. Lett., 135, 495 (1987).

(19)   "Theory of Raman Scattering by Aggregated Molecules," D. L. Akins, J. Phys. Chem., 90, 1530 (1986).

(18)   "Adatom Sites, Structure and Mobility Effects on the SERS of Cyanine," Ben Gu and D. L. Akins, Chem. Phys. Lett., 113, 558 (1985).

(17)   "Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering by Cyanine Chloride," X. Li, Ben Gu and D. L. Akins, Chem. Phys. Lett., 105, 263 (1984).

(16)   "Resonance Enhanced Raman Scattering By Aggregated 2,2'-Cyanine on Colloidal Silver," D. L. Akins, J. of Colloid and Interface Science, 90, 373 (1982).

(15)   "Model for Diffusion-Limited Electrochemiluminescence," D. L. Akins and A. D. Snider, J. of Computational Chem., 2, 368 (1981).

(14)   "Collisionally Induced Vibrational Relaxation of A (1B1) CF2(0,n,0) for 1 ≤ n ≤ 6 by SF6  He, Ne, and N2," D. L. Akins, Proceedings of National Black Chemists and Chem. Engineers, 6, 35 (1979).

(13)   "Vibrational Relaxation of A CF2 (v´=1-6) in Non-Reactive Collisions," D. L. Akins, D. S. King and J. C. Stephenson, Chem. Phys. Lett., 65, 257 (1979).

(12)   "Transient Analysis of Electrolytically Initiated Polymerization," A. D. Snider, D. L. Akins and R. L. Birke, J. Electroanal. Chem. and Interfacial Electrochem., 79, 31 (1977).

(11)   "Calculation of Transients for Some Non-Linear Diffusion Phenomena," A. D. Snider and D. L. Akins, Nonlinear Diffusion, Walker and Fitzgibbon, eds., Fearon-Pittman Pub., 1977, pp. 218-232.

(10)   "Chemiluminescence and Energy Transfer in Systems of Electrogenerated Aromatic Anions and Benzyol Peroxide," T. D. Santa Cruz, D. L. Akins and R. L. Birke, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 98, 1677 (1976).

(9)     "Chemiluminescence and Energy Transfer in Systems of Electrogenerated Aromatic Anions," D. L. Akins, Proceedings of National Black Chemists and Chem. Engineers, 1, (1975).

(8)     "Energy Transfer in Reactions of Electrogenerated Aromatic Anions and Benzoyl Peroxide: Chemiluminescence and its Mechanism," D. L. Akins and R. L. Birke, Chem. Phys. Lett., 29, 428 (1974).

(7)     "Collisional Broadening Cross-Sections of HD* (B 1∑u+) – He from Peak Absorbance Measurements," D. L. Akins, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 12, 1357 (1972).

(6)     "Energy Transfer in Monochromatically-Excited Hydrogen (B 1∑u+). I. Excitation Processes, Electronic Quenching, and Vibrational Energy Transfer," E. H. Fink, D. L. Akins and C. B. Moore, J. Chem. Phys., 56, 900 (1972).

(5)     "Rotational-Translational Energy Transfer between Individual Quantum States of HD (B 1∑u+)," D. L. Akins, E. H. Fink and C. B. Moore, J. Chem. Phys., 52, 1604 (1970).

(4)     "Relative Line Intensities in the Lyman Bands of HD," E. H. Fink, D. L. Akins and C. B. Moore, Chem. Phys. Lett., 4, 283 (1969).

(3)     "Pulse-to-Analog Converter for Optimizing Signal-to-Noise from Photomultipliers at Low Light Intensities," D. L. Akins, S. E. Schwartz, and C. B. Moore, Rev. Sci. Instru., 39, 715 (1968).

(2)     "Rotational Energy Transfer," D. L. Akins and C. B. Moore, Bulletin of the American Phys. Soc., 11, 899 (1966).

(1)     "Feasibility of Liquid-Metal Vacuum Seals," J. E. A. Johns, D. L. Akins and G. S. Pick; Final Report of the Goddard Summer Workshop Program (X-320-63-264), 1964.